RARE Permineralized Wood Petrified Fossil Druzy Crystal Cluster Mineral Specimen

Description

This specimen weighs 7.13 grams. It measures 41 mm x 16 mm x 12 mm.
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Hi there, I am selling this amazing permineralized fossil wood specimen. Permineralization is the first step in the process of petrification. It occurs when the material within the cell walls of an organism are replaced with minerals that seep in from water but the actual cell walls are retained. In other words, this specimen is part fossil but still part wood. This specimen was found and excavated in Germany and comes from the Triassic Period, over 200 million years ago! It is very beautiful and very sparkly! If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask me. Have fun bidding, thanks so much for visiting my store and have a great day!
Here's some info about this mineral from wikipedia:
Permineralization
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Permineralization is a process of fossilization in which mineral deposits form internal casts of organisms. Carried by water, these minerals fill the spaces within organic tissue. Because of the nature of the casts, permineralization is particularly useful in studies of the internal structures of organisms, usually of plants.[1]
Contents  [hide]
1
Process
1.1
Silicification
1.2
Carbonate mineralization
1.3
Pyritization
2
Scientific implications
3
Examples of permineralization
4
References
Process[edit]
Permineralization is a type of fossilization involving deposits of minerals within the cells of organisms. Water from the ground, lakes, or oceans seeps into the pores of organic tissue and forms a crystal cast with deposited minerals. Crystals begin to form in the porous cell walls. This process continues on the inner surface of the walls until the central cavity of the cell, the lumen, is completely filled. The cell walls themselves remain intact surrounding the crystals.[2]
Silicification[edit]
In silicification, silicate minerals are released due to the weathering of rocks. The silica makes its way into a body of still water. Eventually, the mineral laden water permeates the pores and cells of some dead organism, where it becomes a gel. Over time, the gel will dehydrate, forming an opaline crystal structure that is an internal cast of the organism. This accounts for the detail found in permineralizations. Silicification reveals information about what type of environment the organism was likely to live in. Most fossils that have been silicified are bacteria, algae, and other plant life. Silicification is the most common type of permineralization.[3]
Carbonate mineralization[edit]
Main article: Coal ball
A coal ball
Carbonate mineralization involves the formation of coal balls. Coal balls are the fossilizations of many different plants and their tissues. They often occur in the presence of seawater or acidic peat. Coal balls are calcareous permineralizations of peat by calcium and magnesium carbonates. Often spherical in shape and ranging from a few grams to several hundred kilograms in mass, coal balls are formed when water containing carbonate permeates the cells of an organism. This type of fossilization yields information about plant life in the Upper Carboniferous Period (325 to 280 million years ago).[4]
Pyritized Lytoceras genus ammonite in Holzmaden Shale
Pyritization[edit]
This method involves the elements sulfur and iron. Organisms are pyritized when they are in marine sediments saturated with iron sulfides. Pyrite is iron sulfide. As organic matter decays it releases sulfide which reacts with dissolved iron in the surrounding waters. Pyrite replaces carbonate shell material due to an undersaturation of carbonate in the surrounding waters. Some plants are also pyritized when they are in a clay terrain, but to a lesser extent than in a marine environment. Some pyritized fossils include Precambrian microfossils, marine arthropods and plants.[5][6]
Scientific implications[edit]
Permineralized fossils preserve original cell structure, which can help scientists study an organism at the cellular level. These are three-dimensional fossils, which create permanent molds of internal structures. The mineralization process itself helps prevent tissue compaction, which distorts the actual size of organs. A permineralized fossil will also reveal much about the environment an organism lived in and the substances found in it since it preserves soft body parts. This helps researchers investigate the plants, animals, and microbes of different time periods.
Examples of permineralization[edit]
Polished section of petrified wood showing annual rings.
Most dinosaur bones are permineralized.
Petrified wood: Permineralization is the first step in petrification. In petrification, the cellulose cell walls are completely replaced by minerals.
Some examples of soft-bodied pyritization are Beecher's Trilobite Bed (Ordovician) and the Hunsrück Slate (Devonian)
Petrified wood
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Petrified forest" redirects here. For the 1936 film, see The Petrified Forest.
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The image shows the center of a polished slice of a petrified tree from the late Triassic period (approximately 230 million years ago) found in Arizona. The remains of insects can be detected in an enlarged image.
Petrified log in Paleorrota geopark, Brazil
Petrified log at the Petrified Forest National Park
Polished petrified wood
The outline of cells visible in a segment of petrified wood
Polished slice of petrified wood
Petrified logs
Petrified stump exposed at low tide on Ynyslas beach, Wales
Petrified Acacia wood
Puyango petrified forest
Petrified wood (from the Greek root petro meaning "rock" or "stone"; literally "wood turned into stone") is the name given to a special type of fossilized remains of terrestrial vegetation. It is the result of a tree or tree-like plants having completely transitioned to stone by the process of permineralization. All the organic materials have been replaced with minerals (mostly a silicate, such as quartz), while retaining the original structure of the stem tissue. Unlike other types of fossils which are typically impressions or compressions, petrified wood is a three-dimensional representation of the original organic material. The petrifaction process occurs underground, when wood becomes buried under sediment or volcanic ash and is initially preserved due to a lack of oxygen which inhibits aerobic decomposition. Mineral-laden water flowing through the covering material deposits minerals in the plant's cells; as the plant's lignin and cellulose decay, a stone mold forms in its place. The organic matter needs to become petrified before it decomposes completely.[1] A forest where such material has petrified becomes known as a petrified forest.
Contents  [hide]
1
Elements
2
Locations
3
See also
4
References
5
External links
Elements[edit]
Elements such as manganese, iron, and copper in the water/mud during the petrification process give petrified wood a variety of color ranges. Pure quartz crystals are colorless, but when contaminants are added to the process the crystals take on a yellow, red, or another tint.
Following is a list of contaminating elements and related color hues:
carbon – black
chromium – green/blue
cobalt – green/blue
copper – green/blue
iron oxides – red, brown, and yellow
manganese – pink/orange
manganese oxides – blackish/yellow
Petrified wood can preserve the original structure of the stem in all its detail, down to the microscopic level. Structures such as tree rings and the various tissues are often observed features.
Petrified wood is a fossil in which the organic remains have been replaced by minerals in the slow process of being replaced with stone. This petrification process generally results in a quartz chalcedony mineralization. Special rare conditions must be met in order for the fallen stem to be transformed into fossil wood or petrified wood. In general, the fallen plants get buried in an environment free of oxygen (anaerobic environment), which preserves the original plant structure and general appearance. The other conditions include a regular access to mineral rich water in contact with the tissues, replacing the organic plant structure with inorganic minerals. The end result is petrified wood, a plant, with its original basic structure in place, replaced by stone. Exotic minerals allow the red and green hues that can be seen in rarer specimens.
Locations[edit]
Areas with a large number of petrified trees include:
Argentina – the Sarmiento Petrified Forest and Jaramillo Petrified Forest in Santa Cruz Province in the Argentine Patagonia have many trees that measure more than 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and 30 m (100 ft) long.[2]
Australia – has deposits of petrified and opalised wood. Chinchilla, Queensland is famous for its 'Chinchilla Red'.
Belgium – Geosite Goudberg near Hoegaarden.[3][4][5]
Brazil:
in the geopark of Paleorrota, there is a vast area with petrified trees.[6]
Monumento Natural das Árvores Fossilizadas (Fossil Trees Natural Monument) in Tocantins: petrified forests of dicksoniaceae (specifically Psaronius and Tietea singularis) and arthropitys
Petrified forests of dicksoniaceae (specifically Psaronius and Tietea singularis) and arthropitys can also be found in the state of São Paulo [7]
Floresta Fóssil de Teresina near Rio Poti, Piauí, Permian (around 280-270 million years ago).
Canada – in the badlands of southern Alberta; Petrified wood is the provincial stone of Alberta. Axel Heiberg Island in Nunavut has a large petrified forest. In and around the North Saskatchewan river, around the Edmonton area. Blanche Brook, in Stephenville, Newfoundland, has 305 million year old examples.[8]
China – in the Junggar Basin of Xinjiang, northwest China government has issued a crackdown on collecting of this material, but large slabs and even large meeting tables have been made out of the colorful petrified wood.
Czech Republic, Nová Paka – The most famous locality on Permian-Carboniferous rocks in the Czech Republic.
Ecuador – Puyango Petrified Forest - One of the largest collections of petrified wood in the world.[9]
Egypt – petrified forest in Cairo-Suez road, declared a national protectorate by the ministry of environment, also in the area of New Cairo at the Extension of Nasr city, El Qattamiyya, near El Maadi district, and Al Farafra oasis.[10]
France – petrified forest in the village of Champclauson
Germany – the museum of natural history in Chemnitz has a collection of petrified trees, from the in situ Chemnitz Petrified Forest, found in the town since 1737.
Greece – Petrified Forest of Lesvos, at the western tip of the island of Lesbos, is possibly the largest of the petrified forests, covering an area of over 150 km² and declared a National Monument in 1985. Large, upright trunks complete with root systems can be found, as well as trunks up to 22 m in length.
India – protected geological sites known for petrified wood are the National Fossil Wood Park, Tiruvakkarai (20 million year old fossils) and the Akal Wood Fossil Park (180 million year old fossils). Petrified wood has also been discovered in Dholavira in Kutch, Gujarat, dating back to 187-176 million years.[11]
Indonesia – petrified wood covers several area in Banten and also in some part of Mount Halimun Salak National Park.
Israel – several examples of petrified wood occur in the HaMakhtesh HaGadol in the Negev desert.
Italy:
Foresta fossile di Dunarobba, petrified forest near Avigliano Umbro, Umbria (Central Italy), age Piacenzian.
Foresta pietrificata di Zuri - Soddì, petrified forest near Soddì (Province of Oristano, Sardinia), age Chattian-Aquitanian.
Libya – Great Sand Sea – Hundreds of square miles of petrified trunks, branches and other debris mixed with Stone Age artifacts
Namibia – petrified forest of Damaraland
New Zealand:
Curio Bay on the Catlins coast contains many petrified wood examples.
Fossil Forest, Takapuna, Auckland, New Zealand
Saudi Arabia – petrified forest north of Riyadh
Sudan - petrified forest north of El-Kurru
Thailand – Bantak Petrified Forest Park in Ban Tak District[12]
Ukraine – petrified araucaria trunks near Druzhkivka
United Kingdom – many examples of petrified submerged forests can be found at low tide around the coast of England and Wales.[13]
Fossil Grove, Glasgow, Scotland
Fossil Forest, Dorset, England
United States – petrified wood sites include:
Petrified Wood Park in Lemmon, South Dakota
Ginkgo/Wanapum State Park in Washington state
Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona
Petrified Forest (California) in California
Mississippi Petrified Forest in Flora, Mississippi
Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument near Florissant, Colorado
Yellowstone Petrified Forest and Gallatin Petrified Forest, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
The south unit of Theodore Roosevelt National Park outside Medora, North Dakota
Gilboa Fossil Forest, New York
Escalante Petrified Forest State Park in Utah
Agate Desert in the Upper Rogue River Valley near Medford, Oregon